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Diet Content of Non-saturated Fatty Acids Decreases Plasma Adiponectin in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

Juan Antonio Suárez-Cuenca, Diana Elisa Díaz-Jiménez, Juan Antonio Pineda-Juárez*, Alondra Gissel Mendoza- Mota, Ofelia Dinora Valencia-Aldana, Said Núñez-Angeles, Eduardo Vera-Gómez, Alejandro Hernández-Patricio, Mónica Escamilla-Tilch, Pavel Loeza-Magaña, Jorge Antonio Lara-Vargas, Rebeca Pérez-Cabeza de Vaca, José Rodolfo Arteaga Martínez, Ángel Alfonso Garduño-Pérez, Beatriz Barranco-Fragoso, Jesús Montoya-Ramírez, María Angélica Díaz-Aranda, Roberto Carlos Chaparro-Hernández, Alberto Melchor-López, Silvia García, José Gutiérrez-Salinas, Paul Mondragón-Terán

Introduction: The metabolic syndrome (MS) has been related to the unbalance between pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines; where adiponectin, an anti-inflammatory adipokine, is considered to play a key metabolic role. The consumption of certain micronutrients has been claimed to modify pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Aim: To explore whether dietary micronutrients are related with plasma adiponectin in patients with MS. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis. Quartiles of dietary bioactive compounds were compared according to values of plasma adiponectin. Interquartile variation (IQV) and correlation analyses were performed. Results: There was a significant IQV of dietary unsaturated fatty acids (between 50%-66% of change, p25 vs p75, p<0.05), particularly for trans-fatty acids, poly-unsaturated fatty acids, mono-unsaturated fatty acids and ω-6 fatty acids, in relation to plasma adiponectin; as well as a negative correlation (rho=-0.53, -0.37, -0.29 and -0.34, respectively; p<0.05). Conclusion: Dietary amounts of unsaturated fatty acids inversely related to plasma adiponectin in patients with MS.