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The Antioxidant Activity of Peptides Isolated from Amaranthus on Normal Human Skin in vitro and Inflammatory Cytokines Detection

Alcántara Quintana LE, Ortiz Hernández A, Rivera María del P and Soriano Santos J

Oxidative stress has been implicated in various skin diseases through the generation of reactive oxygen species and the depletion of endogenous antioxidant systems. Evidence exists indicating that oxidative stress injury of the skin caused by UVB irradiation is mediated predominantly by reactive oxygen species (ROS) immediately after irradiation and by reactive nitrogen species (RNS) at later points. We investigated the protective effect of peptides (albumin and hydrolysates) isolated from Amaranthus (pA) against UVB irradiation, lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA) and endogenous antioxidant defense enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Supernatant levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were also investigated. We used human skin organ culture as an in vitro model via 24, 36 and 48 hrs of culture. The pA has a significant protective effect via the inhibition of damaged caused by UVB irradiation. The treatment of skin with pA inhibited the UVB-induced lipid peroxidation. Additionally, this pA-inhibited UVB-induced depletion of antioxidant defense components, such as, CAT, SOD, and GPX, and the final antioxidant treatment also reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines: IL-1beta, IL-12, TNF and INF-gamma. We conclude that pA could be useful in attenuating UVB-induced oxidative stress and mitigating skin diseases in human skin due to antioxidant properties.