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Scoping Review Using PRISMA-SCR on m-health Interventions on Self-care Management of Type 2 Diabetes at Home

Abhijeet Prasad Sinha*, Manmohan Singhal, Mansi Gupta, Ashish Joshi

The goal of this study is to conduct a scoping evaluation of the global evidence on m-health interventions and to determine the efficacy of mobile based self-management interventions for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

A rigorous search of the PubMed and Scopus research databases was conducted. Studies on Type 2 diabetes conducted in age ranges 18-75 years and published in English worldwide from 2010 to 2020 are included. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using mobile based self-management for type 2 diabetes patients, as well as recording and analysis of results at the patient level, were among the studies. The studies were checked by the reviewer, and they were then independently reviewed by a second reviewer. The data was extracted, graphed, and the studies' quality was evaluated. To deliver study outcomes and 27 recommendations, the scoping study approach employs Arksey and O'Malley's operational framework. This work is presented using the PRISMA-SCR checklist.

The assessment comprised a total of 40 articles, all of which were RCT-based treatments studies with over 3800 participants. For this study, 40 original research publications were chosen. The chosen studies mostly focused on type 2 diabetes self-management (N=40) and hypertension self-management (N=2). The usage of mobile SMS (N=17) or mobile on phone (N=12), the content of session education with mobile (N=10) or the placement of mobile devices (N=4) were among the several treatments. The therapies were usually successful, resulting in better glucose control and improved health indices.

Conclusion: For patients with type 2 diabetes, mobile based self-management interventions appear to have beneficial benefits on self-care and management, as well as meaningful outcomes. Overall improvement in physiologic markers, self-care, and patient quality of life in Type 2 Diabetes patients. Though the research focused on results in small populations, there was little indication that the intervention will be scaled up in the future. Furthermore, the findings suggest that more research into self-management, which includes nutrition informatics in a self-care management regime, is needed, with a particular focus on the availability of nutrition informatics by area. This will also aid in diabetic and cardiovascular disease co-management. In low and middle income countries (LMICs), self-management looks to be an effective way of improving health outcomes, hence mobile-led selfcare management treatments incorporating nutritional informatics may be beneficial.