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Xingnaojing: Improving Neurological Function and Attenuates Intestinal Injury in Intracerebral Hemorrhagic Mice

Ce Zhang, Yiqian Fan, Shumin Yue, Yunqi Yang, Min Li, Tian Wang, Fenghua Fu

To investigate the effects of Xingnaojing (XNJ) on the impairments of neurological functions and intestinal injury in Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) mice. In vivo, mouse ICH model was prepared with stereotaxic injection of collagenase into the right basal ganglia. ICH mice were treated with XNJ (2.5, 5.0, 10.0 mL/kg intra-venous.). Garcia test and brain edema were evaluated. The Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), TNF-α and IL-1β in both blood and brain were assayed using Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay (ELISA) kits. The intestinal injury was also observed. In vitro, the model of gut injury was established using lipopolysaccharide-challenged Colon Carcinoma-2 (Caco-2) cells. And intestinal injury was evaluated by assaying Transepithelial Electrical Resistance (TEER) and FITC-D4 flux. In vivo, ICH mice exhibited a decrease of Garcia test score and an increase in brain edema. ICH induced a damage of intestinal tissue and increases of LPS, TNF-α, IL-1β. XNJ significantly improved the parameters mentioned above. In vitro, LPS induced a decrease of TEER, an expression of occludin, and an increase of FITC-D4 flux. However, XNJ not only augmented the level of TEER, expression of occludin but also reduced FITC-D4 flux in LPS-challenged Caco-2 cells. This study demonstrated that XNJ improves neurological function in ICH mice, in which, attenuating intestinal injury and inhibiting LPS translocation and the inflammation may play an important role.