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Effect of Fasting on Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism, Brush Border Membrane and on Transport Functions in Superficial and Juxta-Medullary Cortex of Rat Kidney

Samina Salim, Zeba Farooqui, Mohammad Asghar, Syed Jalal Khundmiri, Farah Khan and Ahad Noor Khan Yusufi

The effect of 1, 3 and 5-day fasting was studied on serum parameters; enzymes of brush border membrane and carbohydrate metabolism; transport of Pi and proline in different parts of the rat kidney. Fasting decreased the activities of lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase but increased the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase; glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme. These observations suggest that the degradation of glucose is decreased but its production by gluconeogenesis is enhanced upon fasting. Fasting led to significant decrease in the specific activities of Brush Border Membrane (BBM) enzymes, alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyl transferase in BBM vesicles prepared from superficial and juxta-medullary cortex. The transport of Pi was also decreased albeit differentially in these BBM preparations. Kinetic studies revealed that the activity of BBM enzymes and Pi transport decreased due to changes in Vmax and Km values. The results show that fasting caused significant decrease in metabolic enzymes involved in energy generation that led to decreased transport functions of the kidney.