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Effect of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on the Pharmacokinetics of Amikacin: A Future Antimicrobial Polypharmacy

Parikshit R. Dahikar, Nitesh Kumar and Y.P. Sahni

The pharmacokinetic study of Amikacin with interaction of W. somnifera was investigated after single administration of 10 mg/kg of Amikacin intravenously and 500 mg/kg of W. somnifera orally in six non-descript healthy buffalo calves. Estimation of concentration of Amikacin in plasma was carried out by microbiological assay technique (Agar gel diffusion technique) by using Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) as test organism. Following a single administration of 10 mg/kg of Amikacin intravenously and 500 mg/kg of W. somnifera orally in six non-descript healthy buffalo calves, plasma concentration of Amikacin, at 1 min of combined administration of these drugs were 17.05 ± 0.28 μg/ml. The effective therapeutic concentration of Amikacin (≥ 1.0 μg/ml) was maintained up to 24 h with mean value of 1.86 ± 0.038 μg/ml. The mean distribution half-life of phase 1 (t1/2 α1), phase 2 (t1/2 α2) and elimination half-life (t1/2 β) were calculated to be 0.060 ± 0.004, 3.99 ± 0.27 and 6.15 ± 0.21 h, respectively whereas the total body clearance (ClB) was ranged from 0.064 to 0.075 L/kg/h with a mean of 0.068 0.002 L/kg/h. A satisfactory intravenous dosage regimen of Amikacin in buffalo calves after combined administration would be 2.36 ± 0.095 mg/kg followed by 1.75 ± 0.10 mg/kg at 12 h interval supports the excellent clinical efficacy of Amikacin in buffalo calves.