உயிரியல் & மருத்துவத்தில் மேம்பட்ட நுட்பங்கள்
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Single-cell RNA Sequencing of Glioblastoma Cancer Stem Cell Lines Reveals that Chromosomal Instability Leads to Disturbed Extra-cellular Matrix Organization

Rutvi Vaja

According to the new 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of cancers of the Central Nervous System (CNS), Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent malignant tumour of the CNS. GBM contains a wide range of genetic and epigenetic changes, resulting in a large number of mutation subgroups, some of which have been shown to play a role in independent patient survival and treatment response. Despite advances in GBM treatment, patients who are diagnosed with these tumours often have a poor prognosis and a low quality of life as the disease progresses. The single-cell RNA high-throughput sequencing processed data for glioma cancer stem cells was taken from GEO-NCBI and was analyzed to find out the underlying expression differences in a single Glioma Neural Stem Cell (GSCs) and Normal Neural Stem Cell (NSCs). We have performed bioinformatics analysis on the transcriptional profile of 134 samples which consisted of 75 GSCs and 59 NSCs obtained from the NCBI bio project (PRJNA546254). An exploratory analysis was performed which showed significant gene expression variation patterns between GBM tumour and normal stem cell. Subsequently, Deseq2 differential gene expression analysis identified 383 differentially expressed genes between GSCs and NSCs [padj. value <0.05, log2 fold change (>=+/-1.5)]. This study reveals genes like LOX, LOX1, COL6A2, COL8A1, COL3A1, LUM, TGFB1, LAMA2, POSTN, MFAP5, MFAP2, FBN2, FLRT2 and HTRA1 as the key features contributing to the disturbed processes of Extracellular matrix organization and extra-cellular structural organization pathways in glioma. Conclusively, the results presented here reveal new insight into the progression of GBM and the identification of novel genes involved in gliomagenesis, which could be looked into further for achieving therapeutic targets.