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Colorectal cancer biomarkers remain consistent across geography and ethnicity despite differing baseline gut microbiome compositions

Adith Reddi

We focused on 4 shotgun sequenced taxonomic abundance datasets, 2 from East Asia (Japan and China) and 2 from Europe (Austria and France). Using 2 distinct classifiers, we were able to identify the specific bacteria that are important in diagnosing CRC across geography and ethnicity. It has previously been documented that gut microbiome composition varies across geography and ethnicity. This makes it difficult to determine what a “healthy” gut microbiome composition looks like since there is a large amount of innate variation. Gut microbiome composition has also been shown to vary across individuals based on disease and, as a result, specific gut microbes have been implicated in the development of major GI disease. However, without a “healthy” baseline composition to compare to, the task of diagnosing disease through the gut microbiome becomes challenging. Our findings suggest that CRC biomarkers are limited to a handful of recurring bacteria. Our results indicate that Gemella morbillorum, Peptostreptococcus stomatis, Parvimonas micra, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Clostridium hathewayi, Solobacterium moorei, an unclassified bacterium in the genus Oscillibacter, and an unclassified bacterium in the genus Parvimonas play important roles in CRC diagnosis. These bacteria act independently from other variation in the gut microbiome. We conclude that CRC diagnosis can focus on a specific subset of bacteria and is not dependent on geography and ethnicity.