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Clinical Significance of Phase Angle and Extracellular Water-to-Total Body Water Ratio Measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis

Taiki Hori, Shingen Nakamura, Ken-ichi Aihara

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) is a simple and noninvasive method used to estimate body composition, Phase Angle (PhA), and Extracellular Water-to-Total Body Water Ratio (ECW/TBW). PhA serves as an indicator of cell mass, cellular integrity, and healthiness of the cell membranes. ECW/TBW is an indicator of cellular volume valance. Both metrics can be used to comprehensively assess the structural integrity of the body, including nutritional status and inflammation. Evidence suggests a close correlation of these parameters with prognosis and disease progression in non-cancer patients such as diabetes mellitus and in cancer patients, including those with hematological malignancies. BIA may be a valuable tool for assessing the current body status as well as for future predictions across different disease domains.