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Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Presenting with Priapism

Farhan S, Anjum F, Al-Qahtani FS and Al-Anazi KA

Chronic myeloid leukemia is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm that usually presents with an elevated white blood cell count and an enlarged spleen. Presentation with priapism is rather exceptional and is usually caused by leukostasis due to hyperleukocytosis. Priapism in chronic myeloid leukemia is a medical emergency that requires local therapies, symptomatic treatment as well as specific measures aimed at rapid control of the leukemia in the form of cytoreductive therapy, early initiation of targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in addition to leukapheresis in order to decrease the elevated leukocytic count as quickly as possible. A young patient with chronic myeloid leukemia who presented with priapism to King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh is presented. The diagnostic workup and the lines of management are discussed.