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Cancer Molecular Biology: Mechanism and Applications

Tansey Lopes*

A constant foe that has afflicted humans for generations is cancer. It is a complex and multifaceted disease that continues to challenge our understanding and treatment capabilities. At the molecular level, cancer arises from genetic mutations that disrupt the normal regulatory mechanisms governing cell division and apoptosis (cell death). These mutations can be acquired through various means, including exposure to carcinogens, genetic predisposition, or errors in DNA replication and repair. Nevertheless, major advancements have been made recently, especially in the field of cancer molecular biology. This area of study is extensive into the molecular and genetic underpinnings of cancer, unraveling the intricate mechanisms operating its development, progression, and response to treatment. Chief character in cancer molecular biology include oncogenes, which promote cell growth when mutated, and tumor suppressor genes, which normally inhibit excessive cell proliferation.