கருத்தரித்தல் இதழ்: இன் விட்ரோ - IVF-உலகளவில், இனப்பெருக்க மருத்துவம், மரபியல் & ஸ்டெம் செல் உயிரியல்
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சுருக்கம்

Epigenetic Re-Programming during Mammalian Preimplantation Embryogenesis and PGC Development

Fei Teng and Qi Zhou

Epigenetic programming and reprogramming, by means of DNA methylation and histone modifications etc., control the mammalian development to a large extent. They are also artificially altered for cell fate conversion and regeneration. Though epigenetic modifications change with slow dynamics during somatic cell lineage differentiation, they undergo a genome-wide dramatic change with extensive DNA de-methylation and histone modification during two specific time windows, the early embryogenesis and the Primordial Germ Cell (PGC) development stage. Here we reviewed these global epigenetic reprogramming occurred during normal development, mainly focusing on DNA methylation, histone modification and X-chromosome inactivation. Epigenetic reprogramming participates in many key biological processes such as genomic imprinting, X-chromosome inactivation, gene expression regulation and tumorigenesis and genome stability. Understanding the mechanisms of epigenetic reprogramming during the early embryogenesis and PGC formation would facilitate our knowledge of the developmental process and disease progress.