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Endometrial Cancer and its Epidemiology

Sherlyn Cullen

Endometrial cancer is most commonly diagnosed at endometrial biopsy in symptomatic patients, after a postmenopausal patient reports vaginal bleeding. Unlike breast and prostate cancer, where screening tests are available to the general public, endometrial cancer is most commonly diagnosed at endometrial biopsy in symptomatic patients, after a postmenopausal patient reports vaginal bleeding. There is no universally relevant screening test. In the absence of vaginal bleeding, an increased endometrial stripe or other intrauterine abnormalities, such as a polyp, may trigger biopsy in individuals who have a pelvic ultrasound for another reason. Ultrasound is not suggested as a screening tool in asymptomatic individuals, according to the majority of experts. Both simple and complicated hyperplasia is common non-cancerous histology findings. Endometrial cancer can develop in 1–29 percent of cases if they are left untreated, depending on the kind of hyperplasia (simple vs. complicated) and the degree of cytologic atypia.