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COVID-19: An Update on Current Therapeutic Drugs and Vaccines

Zemene Demelash Kifle

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a kind of viral pneumonia with an unusual outbreak in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since the outbreak of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), many researchers in the world have immediately carried out clinical research scheme of the COVID-19. Vaccines are being rapidly developed but will likely come too late to have an impact on the first wave of a potential pandemic. It highlights antiviral strategies involving small molecules and biologics targeting complex molecular interactions involved in coronavirus infection and replication. The drugrepurposing effort documented herein focuses primarily on agents known to be effective against other RNA viruses including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The patent analysis of coronavirus related biologics includes therapeutic antibodies, Anti-inflammatory agents, and nucleic acid-based therapies targeting virus gene expression as well as various types of vaccines. Many patents disclose methodologies of these biologics with the potential for treating and preventing coronavirus infections, which may be applicable to COVID-19. But, there is still a lack of a review on therapeutic agents and vaccines for COVID-19. Therefore, this review summarizes studies which are ongoing development of therapeutic agents and vaccines