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Assessment of Prevalence and Risk Factors of Depression among Adults in Gilgel Gibe Field Research Center, South West Ethiopia

Gebi Hussien, Markos Tesfaye, Desta Hiko and Hailu Fekadu

Depression is a significant contributor to the global burden of disease and affects people in all communities across the world. Previously conducted studies in Ethiopia have consistently shown that depression is common problem in the country. There is limited scientific data regarding the association of independent variables with depression in Ethiopia and study area.

Objective: To assess prevalence and associated factors with depression among adults in Gilgel-Gibe Field Research Center.

Method: Population based cross-sectional study on chronic non-communicable diseases was conducted in the study area in 2008. Data were collected from random sample of 4,371 individuals on major risk factors of these diseases. In our study we processed and analyzed these data using SPSS for windows version 16.0. Multivariate logistic regressions were carried out, association between independent variables and depression was measured using adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence interval and P-value below 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Finding of the study showed that prevalence of reported and measured depression was 1.7% and 7.4% respectively. Females were 1.62 times more likely to have depression compared to males (AOR=1.62, 95% CI: 1.07, 2.44). Twelve months alcohol users were 3.23 times more likely to have depression compared to non-users (AOR=3.23, 95% CI: 1.17, 8.88). Respondents having two and above chronic diseases were 2.18 times more likely to have depression compared to those free of the diseases (AOR=2.18, 95% CI: 1.15, 4.13)

Conclusion: Sex, alcohol use and number of chronic diseases were found to be independent predictors of depression.